Randomness is the foundation of quantum mechanics. However, existing theories do not explain its origin. In this paper, a hypothesis is proposed that the phase of the wave function is the sole source of randomness in quantum mechanics. Two postulates of quantum mechanics are proposed. The first postulate states that quantum randomness arises as a consequence of a chaotic scattering process in which wave function phases act as variables. The second postulate asserts that particle phases interact within a topological space, ensuring inherently non-local interactions. The relationship between this model and hidden-variable theories is examined, and experiments to test the postulates are proposed. The proposed theory can serve as a basis for the creation of quantum artificial intelligence on a fundamentally new basis.

Quantum computing has progressed greatly, yet no current hardware platform achieves coherence preservation, precise control, and scalability at the same time. In this commentary, we consider molecular qubits as a conceptually distinct approach to quantum hardware, in which part of the required functionality can be encoded directly through chemically programmable structure rather than imposed entirely by external engineering. Owing to their atomic precision, synthetic reproducibility, tunable interactions, and diverse internal energy levels, molecular systems provide attractive opportunities for quantum information science. We review advances in molecular qubits, emphasizing their potential for uniformity, scalability, programmability, and coherence at elevated temperatures. At the same time, major challenges remain, including single-molecule readout, addressability, device integration, and the realization of high-fidelity entangling gates. We argue that the near-term impact of molecular qubits may not directly replace established platforms but instead enable hybrid architectures and promote a new paradigm of quantum hardware: the systematic chemical design of quantum function. In the long term, we may be able to address the challenges outlined in the DiVincenzo criteria and thereby enable universal quantum computation.

The characteristic features of the resonant trident process (Oleinik resonances) have been theoretically studied in a wide range of frequencies and intensities of a circularly polarized strong electromagnetic wave. The resonant trident process is defined by two characteristic quantum energies: the characteristic energy of the nonlinear Compton effect and the characteristic energy of the nonlinear Breit-Wheeler process. These characteristic energies depend significantly on the frequency and intensity of the wave, as well as on the angle between the momenta of the initial electrons and the electromagnetic wave. The resonant trident process is effective when the energy of the initial electrons is greater than or on the order of magnitude of the corresponding characteristic energies. It is shown that quantum entanglement of final particles takes place in this resonant process. An important aspect of the resonant trident process is the equality of the energies of the electron and positron pairs. Analytical expressions for the differential rates of the resonant trident process on the energy of final particles are obtained. The corresponding analytical expressions for total rates have also been obtained. It is shown that the rate data of the resonant trident process in the field of optical and X-ray wave frequencies significantly exceed the corresponding rate of the non-resonant trident process. Results obtained can be used in experiments at leading laser centers, as well as to explain Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) processes in strong X-ray fields near neutron stars and magnetars.